Tuesday, January 28, 2020
Health Care Associated Infections Essay Example for Free
Health Care Associated Infections Essay Did you know that healthcare associated infections are in the top ten leading causes of death in the United States? According to Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (2010), ââ¬Å"Healthcare-associated infections, also known as HAIââ¬â¢s are the most common complication of hospital care, resulting in 1.7 million infections and ninety-nine thousand deaths each year.â⬠It is unfortunate that so many people suffer each year from infections that could be easily prevented. Slide2 Today my goal is to share some information with you about Healthcare associated infections and hopefully together we can all make a difference by reducing these alarming statistics. To start off Iââ¬â¢m going to explain what Healthcare Associated Infections are and then I will go over the different types. Next I am going to go over a couple of the more common pathogens in healthcare associated infections. Following that I would like to talk about the preventive measure that all health care workers should be following to prevent future Healthcare associated infections. (Slide 3) According to Wilkinson and Treas (2011), A Healthcare Associated Infection is an infection related to healthcare given in any setting such as a hospital, during home-care, long-term care, and ambulatory settings. Infections may be spread from one patient to another simply because the healthcare provider failed to wash their hands or wear the proper personal protective equipment. Infections are also commonly spread by devises used during a medical procedure and anything else the patient may come in contact with that has not been properly cleaned such as a call bell or side rail. For instance say you have a patient with MRSA and one of their family members leave the room failing to wash their hands, goes to the front desk to ask for a glass of water for the patient in the mean time she placed her contaminated hands on the desk. Following that a nurse stops by the front desk also placing her hands on the desk then goes in to see a patient and fails to wash her hands prior to patient contact. Now we have just spread the infection and sadly another patient has acquired a healthcare associated infections. Patients whom acquire healthcare associated infections typically have longer duration of recovery time and medical cost are increased drastically. There are many different types of Healthcare Associated Infections, there is Surgical Site Infection (SSI), Central Line Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI), catheter associated infection (UTI), and ventilator associated phenomena (VAP). (Slide 4) Surgical Site Infection A surgical site infection, also known as SSI, is an infection that occurs after surgery in whatever part of a personââ¬â¢s body that the surgery took place. There are three main types of SSIââ¬â¢s. There is superficial incision SSI, which transpires between the integument and subcutaneous tissue. Next is deep incision SSI, taking place at deep tissues such as muscles. The third type is called organ/space SSI, which occurs inside the body at an organ or the open space inside the body around the surgical site. All Surgical infections typically occur within thirty days of the surgical procedure expect in cases of implants, which then surgical site infections can take place with in one year. According to the Center of Disease Control (2012), infections develop in about 1 to 3 out of every 100 patients who have surgery. These infections are not only lengthening hospital stays, but adding unnecessary medical expenses, and are also responsible for unnecessary deaths and long-term disa bilities. (Slide 5) CLABSI Another type of Healthcare associated infection occurs at a central line also known as a catheter line, which is a tube used to draw blood, give medication or fluids through a large vein such as the jugular vein or subcalavian vein. A central line associated blood stream infection is caused when bacteria, or any type of germ enters the blood from the central line, which then causes an infection in the blood stream. ââ¬âSlide 6- According to The American Surgeon (2011) Nosocomial blood stream infections are one of the leading causes of death in United States hospitals. As stated in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2012), In 2011 there were thirty-seven central line associated blood stream infections reported at Halifax Health Medical Center. (Slide 7) CA-UTI A different type of Healthcare related infection is a catheter associated urinary track infection. This type of infection occurs when the patient has a urinary catheter in place and bacteria or fungus travel up the tubing. The infection can take place any where in the urinary system from the urethra to the kidneys. The longer the patient has the catheter in place the more they are at risk for getting a UTI. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services reported that one in ever two thousand patients who were cared for at Bert Fish Memorial in New Smyrna Beach acquired a catheter associated infection. (Slide 8) VAP Then there are the ventilator-associated phenomenaââ¬â¢s, which is an infection that occurs in the lungs due to contaminated ventilation equipment. Patients who are on ventilators are already weakened due to another form of illness and their immune systems are typically compromised making it difficult for their bodies to cope with trying to fight yet another issue. According to Wilkinson and Treas (2011), ventilator associated infection are associated with high mortality rate. Last year alone there were approximately thirty-six thousand reported cases of ventilator-associated infections. (Slide 9) Pathogens Two of the more common types of pathogens in nosocomial infections are Coagulase-negative staphylococci also known as CoNS and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus also known at MRSA. CoNS typically causes catheter related ifections since catheters are not easly removed and cleaned it often makes it complicated to treat. CoNS are also known to be resistant to most forms of antibiotics. According to the European Journal Of Clinical Microbiology Infectious Diseases (2011), CoNS infection prolongs treatment with antibiotics and hospital stay by approximately twelve days or up to two and a half weeks. MRSA is a staph germ that is difficult to cure. If MRSA enters the blood stream it can spread any where through out the body, including bones, and organs. According to Clinical Infectious Disease (2012) MRSA infections kill nineteen thousand hospitalized American patients annually. Out of all the MRSA cases, 86% of them are healthcare aquired. (Slide 10) Preventive measures All of these infections could be prevented if we take initiative to follow the proper protocol. One the simplest and most important preventive measures is washing your hands before and after entering a clientââ¬â¢s room. Sadly many health providers fail to do this. These infections could be prevented as long as the healthcare team uses proper aseptic techniques. In 2010 Floridaââ¬â¢s Department of Health started up a program called the HAI prevention program. One of their main goals is to prevent and decrease the healthcare related infection rates in Floridaââ¬â¢s hospitals and long-term care facilities. With in a five-year period the US Department of Health and Human Services plans on reducing Blood stream infections in Florida by 50-70%. Thatââ¬â¢s a good start, but I believe we should all strive to eliminate all healthcare related infections. A few preventive measures are, if a medical supply accidentally becomes contaminated through it out and start fresh, as soon as our patients are well enough to have catheters removed notify the doctor so that they can be removed promptly, and always wash your hands before and after patient contact and remind others to wash their hands as well. (Slide 11) Conclusion In closing I am sad to say it, but many healthcare providers are in violation of the first rule of health care, Do No Harm. Our patients are coming to us to be relieved of their illnesses not to acquire new ones. So if we could all just follow the simple preventive measures such as washing our hands before and after assisting our patients we all can make a difference. Just think that fifteen seconds it took you to wash your hands may have just saved a life. References Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2010) Ending healthcare-associated infections. Retrieved from http://www.ahrq.gov/qual/haicusp.htm Boucher, H. Corey, R. (2008). Epidemiology of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Oxford Journals. 46(5), 344-349. Retrieved from http://cid.oxfordjournals.org Florida state plan to address healthcare-associated infections. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/HAI/pdfs/stateplans/fl.pdf Kordek, A. (2011). Concentrations of procalcitonin and C-reactive protein, white blood cell count, and the immature-to-total neutrophil ratio in the blood of neonates with nosocomial infections: Gram-negative bacilli vs coagulase-negative staphylococci. European Journal Of Clinical Microbiology Infectious Diseases: Official Publication Of The European Society Of Clinical Microbiology, 30(3), 455-457. Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/ Smith, J., Egger, M., Franklin, G., Harbrecht, B., Richardson, J. (2011). Central line- associated blood stream infection in the critically ill trauma patient. The American Surgeon, 77(8), 1038-1042. Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost Wilkinson. Treas. (2011). Fundamentals Of Nursing. Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis.
Monday, January 20, 2020
The Power of the Internet Essay -- Essays Papers
The Power of the Internet The area of technology in today's society that is expanding without bound is the Internet. Millions of people belong to the online world full of articles, shops, the latest news, virtual communities, etc. If a person needs information or directions the fastest and most successful place to turn is online. For example the quote, "You can get anything you want with a click of a mouse," has become the motto for modern day America. Inside the virtual world are millions of groups and organizations built to interest people who share common ideas, values, and goals. The Internet groups, commonly refereed to as communities, appeal to a certain aspect of everyone's lives. Finding a community that someone feels comfortable in can be a complicated process as explained in the article "Finding One's Own in Cyberspace," by Amy Bruckman. One of the major communities that has been in the news recently is the company Napster. Napsters' focus is music and attracts an audience of music lovers. The artic le "The Muddy Waters of Pirate Music," by Giancarlo Varanini, discusses the details of MP3's and the influence of the music industry. By examining the two articles mentioned and evaluating the idea of "communities" many opinions arise about the effect the Internet has on music and visa versa. The music industry of America is one of extraordinary power and influence. The art of music has been around for centuries from Beethoven, to Elvis Presley, to The Rolling Stones, and in more recent times, Metallica. Music has conformed to adapt to the ever-changing societies and interests of its listeners. Today there exists a wide variety of music, whose focus attracts numerous audiences. The industry has continued to expand to ... ...importance. The popularity of the Internet is spilling into all other major factions of America, such as advertising, music, art, film, business, etc. Online groups, such as Napster, have worked their way into mainstream America and are making more money than ever before. As people adjust to regular companies having dot COM addresses at the end of every commercial, the Internet will become a normal aspect of life. The advantages of the Internet outweigh the disadvantages and soon people with not be able to remember what life was like without it. It is time to face the facts; the Internet is here to stay. Works Cited Bruckman, Amy. "Finding One's Own in Cyberspace." Editor Richard Holeton.Sngapore: Mcgraw Hill, 1998. 171-178 Varanini, Giancarlo. "The Napster controversy." ZDNetUK News. 2000. http://www.zdnet.co.uk/news/2000/14ns-14711.html (10 Apr. 2000)
Sunday, January 12, 2020
F&N Swot
Strategy ââ¬â Multi Industry and Multi expansion strategy Over 130 years, F&N has become a household name in Singapore and Malaysia. Recognising the constraints of growth in these markets, it started to embark on regional expansion for long-term sustainable growth. It is precisely this multi-industry, multi-location strategy that has helped F&N survive the economic downturn and scale new heights in profitability. Source: http://www. raserandneave. com/FN_investor_r_faqs. asp Capabilities F&N remains steadfast in its multiple-business model. Its mission is to be a leading Asian-based company focused on a balanced portfolio comprising Food & Beverage, Properties and Publishing & Printing, with significant business presence in overseas markets and renowned for its product quality, brands, sound management and reputation of delivering value to all its stakeholders.Whilst our threeà businesses may appear seemingly unrelated, we have built up market leadership positions in each of ou r business as well as strategic capabilities over the years in brand management, extensive marketing expertise, distribution networks, and financial strength and discipline, which are applicable to all our businesses. F&N is one of the few companies with brands that transcend borders. Our priority is to drive earnings, placing emphasis on being asset-light, growing in newer geographical markets, product extensions,à sound capital management and maintaining a balanced business portfolio.F&N is looking at monetising its investment properties progressively and redeploying the proceeds to higher-yielding ventures within the three businesses. With sustained earnings growth, F&N can continue to pay generous dividends to shareholders. http://www. just-drinks. com/comment/comment-fraser-neave-ready-to-spread-its-wings_id105191. aspx Strengths | Weaknesses | 1. Diversified business operations coupled with widespread geographic presence 2. Leading market position garnered on strongbrand na me 3.Ability to sustain proftable businessexpansion contributing to strong financial performance 4. innovative sales and marketing initiatives| 1. Decreased revenues due to dependence on soft drink cola product offering. 2. Structural changes due to recent takeover could bring a change in management. Key shareholders are still deciding to stay or leave. These moves have shaken confidence in the companyââ¬â¢s leadership and destroyed a ton of shareholder value. Read more:à http://www. businessinsider. com/10-companies-with-huge-management-red-flags-2012-2? p=1#ixzz2OWcgkIZ3| Opportunities | Threats | Unlocking value by divesting interest inunprofitable businessGrowing demand for alternative lifestyle beverages driven by increasing healthconsciousness| Increasing food and raw material prices especially sugar in Malaysia. Intense competition in soft drinks industry| Revenue for the year ended September 30, 2012, was expectedly lower at RM3. 24 billion, a 17 per cent drop, while op erating profit slipped 50 per cent to RM231 million from RM458 million in the corresponding period last year.Given the absence of RM544 million in revenue from the Coca-Cola business, a 200-day cessation of production at our flood-hit Dairies Thailand facility along with the recovery process of insurance claims, absence of property income and relocation of Dairies Malaysiaââ¬â¢s manufacturing operations, the dip in revenue was only 4 per cent while operating profit was 19 per cent lower relative to the same period in the previous year. In FY2011, the companyââ¬â¢s total revenues decreased 4. 9%, largely impacted by revenue decreases in Europe and the US and Canada.During the year, revenues from Europe decreased 5. 6% compared to the previous years, while revenues from the US and Canada decreased 10. 4% over the past year. Nestle, which has its principal operations concentrated in Europe, is highly prone to risks arising out of the ongoing economic crisis. Mr Charoen ââ¬â w ho controls the Thai Charoen Group ââ¬â took up the role with immediate effect, replacing Mr Lee Hsien Yang, who resigned as chairman on Tuesday, F&N said in a statement F&N Swot Strategy ââ¬â Multi Industry and Multi expansion strategy Over 130 years, F&N has become a household name in Singapore and Malaysia. Recognising the constraints of growth in these markets, it started to embark on regional expansion for long-term sustainable growth. It is precisely this multi-industry, multi-location strategy that has helped F&N survive the economic downturn and scale new heights in profitability. Source: http://www. raserandneave. com/FN_investor_r_faqs. asp Capabilities F&N remains steadfast in its multiple-business model. Its mission is to be a leading Asian-based company focused on a balanced portfolio comprising Food & Beverage, Properties and Publishing & Printing, with significant business presence in overseas markets and renowned for its product quality, brands, sound management and reputation of delivering value to all its stakeholders.Whilst our threeà businesses may appear seemingly unrelated, we have built up market leadership positions in each of ou r business as well as strategic capabilities over the years in brand management, extensive marketing expertise, distribution networks, and financial strength and discipline, which are applicable to all our businesses. F&N is one of the few companies with brands that transcend borders. Our priority is to drive earnings, placing emphasis on being asset-light, growing in newer geographical markets, product extensions,à sound capital management and maintaining a balanced business portfolio.F&N is looking at monetising its investment properties progressively and redeploying the proceeds to higher-yielding ventures within the three businesses. With sustained earnings growth, F&N can continue to pay generous dividends to shareholders. http://www. just-drinks. com/comment/comment-fraser-neave-ready-to-spread-its-wings_id105191. aspx Strengths | Weaknesses | 1. Diversified business operations coupled with widespread geographic presence 2. Leading market position garnered on strongbrand na me 3.Ability to sustain proftable businessexpansion contributing to strong financial performance 4. innovative sales and marketing initiatives| 1. Decreased revenues due to dependence on soft drink cola product offering. 2. Structural changes due to recent takeover could bring a change in management. Key shareholders are still deciding to stay or leave. These moves have shaken confidence in the companyââ¬â¢s leadership and destroyed a ton of shareholder value. Read more:à http://www. businessinsider. com/10-companies-with-huge-management-red-flags-2012-2? p=1#ixzz2OWcgkIZ3| Opportunities | Threats | Unlocking value by divesting interest inunprofitable businessGrowing demand for alternative lifestyle beverages driven by increasing healthconsciousness| Increasing food and raw material prices especially sugar in Malaysia. Intense competition in soft drinks industry| Revenue for the year ended September 30, 2012, was expectedly lower at RM3. 24 billion, a 17 per cent drop, while op erating profit slipped 50 per cent to RM231 million from RM458 million in the corresponding period last year.Given the absence of RM544 million in revenue from the Coca-Cola business, a 200-day cessation of production at our flood-hit Dairies Thailand facility along with the recovery process of insurance claims, absence of property income and relocation of Dairies Malaysiaââ¬â¢s manufacturing operations, the dip in revenue was only 4 per cent while operating profit was 19 per cent lower relative to the same period in the previous year. In FY2011, the companyââ¬â¢s total revenues decreased 4. 9%, largely impacted by revenue decreases in Europe and the US and Canada.During the year, revenues from Europe decreased 5. 6% compared to the previous years, while revenues from the US and Canada decreased 10. 4% over the past year. Nestle, which has its principal operations concentrated in Europe, is highly prone to risks arising out of the ongoing economic crisis. Mr Charoen ââ¬â w ho controls the Thai Charoen Group ââ¬â took up the role with immediate effect, replacing Mr Lee Hsien Yang, who resigned as chairman on Tuesday, F&N said in a statement
Saturday, January 4, 2020
Morality in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn - Free Essay Example
Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 787 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/05/15 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Huckleberry Finn Essay Mark Twain Essay Did you like this example? The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was written by Mark Twain in 1884. Twains book tackles many societal issues including slavery, racism, and morality. Throughout the book, Twain shows Huck in positions where he has to make moral choices between what he believes in and what society thinks is right. His stance on these topics is fairly clear, however his subtle nudges towards morality with Huck is what makes the moral of this novel so pure. Twains portrayal of the characters myriad of moral issues demonstrates the theme of morality in the novel. During the first chapters of the novel Twain shows Huck making many poor judgment calls and poor moral choices. There was a myriad of instances when Huck had to face inner moral battles. Twain show that Huck has to choose between what he believes in and what is fit for society, however as the book goes on to about chapter 4, Huck makes a stand to stop an instance where he may have to lie. Huck talks to the judge and asks: Please take it, says I, and dont ask me nothing- then I wont have to lie (Hawthorne 18). Here Huck tells the judge to take his money. He asks him not to ask questions about why and to just take it so that when asked about it he would not have to lie. This shows the moral change Huck starts to possess as this story progresses. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Morality in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" essay for you Create order Twain also shows an exponential growth with Huck when he and Jim run off together. Twain shows the connection that the two grow toward each other. When they find a dead man on a boat than Jim covers the body in order to hide the horrifying sight from Huck. Huck, in turn, starts to feel compassion for Jim and slaves near the end of the book. Huck tries to protect and hide Jim as much as possible, but still has the feeling that he should turn him in. When thinking about Miss Watson, Huck thinks that he did the wrong, even evil, thing by not turning Jim in. Conscience says to me, What had poor Miss Watson done to you that you could see her nigger go off right under your eyes and never say one single word? What did that poor old woman do to you that you could treat her so mean. (Twain 91). Here Twain shows that Huck asks himself why he took Jim from Miss Watson. He wonders what she ever did to him. He begins to think that taking Jim was hurting Miss Watson in a very bad way. With this he still decides to keep helping Jim and decides not to turn him in. This shows that turning Jim in is what society would have wanted but not I how twain shows Hucks moral growth in the story. We see another example of moral choices when Huck and Tom help Jim escape. While they could have just let Jim out and helped him escape, they decided that they needed to make him work for his escape. They wanted to make the escape adventurous like in Toms books. In the book Tom says: It dont make no difference how foolish it is, its the right way and its the regular way. And there aint no other way, that ever I heard of, and Ive read all the books that gives any information about these things. (Twain 245). Huck was very hesitant about this idea but decided to go along with it because Tom said it would be fun and that it was the only thing to do. They make Jim do many crazy and even cruel things. They want Jim to write a journal on an old tee-shirt using blood as ink. They even think of ways to smuggle in nails, so he could cut himself to write with the blood. They even want Jim to carve inscriptions into the walls of the shed with a nail, which is worse for two reasons: Jim cannot read or write, and it would take him years to finish. To make matters worse Tom Sawyer knew the whole time that Jim was thactually free. Huckleberry Finn was a very fun and adventurous book filled with many instances of moral questioning. Huck showed growth in this area and also in his personal connections with people around him. His adventures with Jim were at times fun, sad, and scary all the same time. Even though society wanted Huck to think a certain way. Huck stuck to what he thought was right and what he felt was the best thing to do. Twains writing and telling of the story is like nothing Ive ever read before and I would definitely read this again.
Friday, December 27, 2019
The Patient s Needs And Pushing For Early Discharge, The...
By not addressing the patientââ¬â¢s needs and pushing for early discharge, the staff serves their own self-interest . They are only focused on the immediate problem of giving Mr. Mitchell services.. With everyone focused on completing their job, Mr. Mitchell and his needs are cast aside Intervention It is pertinent that HCH hires staff, both medical staff and social workers, who are able to empathizes and address the needs of their clients. There needs to be a shift in focus for the hospital staff and a training to reeducate them on the rights of the patient and the patientââ¬â¢s wellbeing. Making the client feel supported and addressing their emotional needs, enhances the patientââ¬â¢s overall receptiveness and participation in their health care (Hajos, Polonsky, Twisk, Dain, Snoek, 2011;2010). Research has shown that, ââ¬Å"optimal treatment outcomes can only be achieved and maintained when patients and â⬠¦care providers can effectively share concerns and responsibilitiesâ⬠about managing their care (Hajos, Polonsky, Twisk, Dain, Snoek, 2011;2010, p. 262). The hospital can achieve this by using the technique of intervention mapping where care providers ââ¬Å"assess and prioritize intervention strategies and tailor them to the needs of individualsâ⬠(Orrego et al. 2014, p. 396). One of the aspects of this model is have care providers check in with the patients using an active listening while they discuss discharge plans (Orrego et al. 2014). This is a way that medical and social workShow MoreRelatedNursing Essay41677 Words à |à 167 Pagesappropriate balance. This study was supported by Contract No. 65815 between the National Academy of Sciences and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. 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Thursday, December 19, 2019
Commentary On The Mind s Biology - 940 Words
Media nowadays cover topics ranging from kitty rescues to more important and relevant matters, such as the presidential election. News outlets are directed at a specific crowd, and we know that because of where news outlets land on the political spectrum. Regardless of where their political allegiances lay, one thing is for sure. The media does not understand science. With so much pop science being broadcasted, real science and sciencist are put to shame. Meaningful studies are overshadowed by headlines that will sell! Headlines claiming that a glass of wine is the equivalent of an hour of exercise at the gym. For this reason, news articles covering scientific themes should be taken with a grain of salt. A recent article in the Washington Post, a newspaper with a very good reputation, recently published a trio of articles related to the brain. 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After infection, a person initially dies, but is then somehow revived back to ââ¬Å"life.â⬠These zombies, or ââ¬Å"walkersâ⬠as they are deemed on the show, seemingly have no self-awareness, but are able to walkRead MorePedophilia and Deviant Behavior1695 Words à |à 7 Pagesleft-handed or ambidextrous (characteristics that are observable before birth). Although non-biological features may yet turn up to be relevant, it is difficult, if not impossible, to explain the research findings without there being a strong role of biology.â⬠Cantor makes the valid point that not all pedophiles indulge these sexual interests and he goes on to mention that there is little support for individuals wishing to abstain from such behaviors. Support groups created for the purpose of preventingRead MoreQuantum Mechanics and Islam Essay1602 Words à |à 7 Pagesagree with the theory because it works in experiment and as seen today contribute to new technology. 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Wehnelt, S., Hosie, C., Plowman, A., and A Feistner (2003) Zoo Research Guidelines: Project Planning and Behavioural Observations The Federation of Zoological Gardens of Great Britain and Ireland, London First published 2003 Published and printed by: The FederationRead MoreFeminist Analysis : A Woman s Motivation Essay3024 Words à |à 13 Pagesbinary, gender roles in the mid 400ââ¬â¢s (B.C.). Sparta treated men and women (to a much greater extent than even 1920ââ¬â¢s america) as equals, and ââ¬Å"the age of enlightenmentâ⬠was a veritable smorgasbord of ideas about the role that women should play in society. Despite all this it wasnââ¬â¢t until the first wave of feminism that practical, lasting change was made in western society. This wave began in 1848 with the Seneca Falls Convention and focused mainly on women s suffrage and legal rights members ofRead MoreStephen Hawking : An Enigma Himself1848 Words à |à 8 PagesHawking: An Enigma Himself Explains the Enigmatic Universe. 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WeatherRead MoreOsmosis Internal Assessment - Biology Higher Level3984 Words à |à 16 Pages| The effect of salinity on osmosis of solanum tuberosum L.(potatoes) | Biology HL Internal Assessment ââ¬â Year 10 | | Teresa Nguyen | | Table of Contents 1 DESIGN 2 1.1 Defining the problem 2 FOCUS QUESTION 2 HYPOTHESIS 2 BACKGROUND INFORMATION 2 INVESTIGATION VARIABLES 3 1.2 Controlling Variables 3 TREATMENT OF THE CONTROLLED VARIABLES 3 CONTROL EXPERIMENT 4 1.3 Experimental Method 4 MATERIALS 4 RISK ASSESSMENT 5 METHOD 5 2 DATA COLLECTION and PROCESSING 7 2.1 Recording RawRead Moreian mcewan2782 Words à |à 12 PagesLondon. He considers himself unattractive and marvels that Clarissa loves him. He prizes rationality highly and secretly regrets not entering into the academic scientific world. He is the object of Jed Parry s obsessions. the main character, Joe, faces many conflicts emotionally. 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Tuesday, December 10, 2019
How Does the Stock Market Affect the Economy free essay sample
As the Nasdaq fell in 2000, the overall venture capital investing also decreased from the once ââ¬Å"boomingâ⬠pace that was known through the 1990ââ¬â¢s. The declining stock prices affect firms in several ways, as well as impacting their sales to consumers. The rising importance of venture capital for funding growing business will also make it harder quite hard to exactly determine select magnitudes. According to this article, stocks prices do affect firms because they increase shareholder pressure on managers to cut cost and are forced to lay off workers. When stock prices go down tremendously it affects a firms value of the stock and the stock options. It is unclear whether or not this affects payroll costs and inflation. There is minimal data to prove whether it does or not, but we can say on some scale mainly small it has to. The third factor bringing down the stock prices is them seeming weaker or more uncertain profit outlook which causes investors to demand higher risk premiums which boosts the cost of financing business investment. We will write a custom essay sample on How Does the Stock Market Affect the Economy? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page An additional factor that affects firmââ¬â¢s behavior is Tobinââ¬â¢s q theory of investment. According to this theory, firms have less incentive to invest in capital if there is a fall in the ratio of q of the cost of buying new capital. Overall in this market stock prices do affect firms from doing more business, employee turnover, and getting investors to continue investing in their business. Next market that may or may not be affected by stock prices is the household sector. One can assume that lower stock prices are correlated with greater uncertainty and lower confidence due to past data and occurrences that cause economists to believe this. According to this article, ââ¬Å"most estimates of stock wealth effects imply that for every $100,000 to decline in stock wealth, annual consumption falls by roughly $3,000 to $5,000 over the long run. â⬠We can then interpret from this excerpt that yes over the long run less consumers are willing to spend when the Nasdaq decreases remarkably more so than normal which inter does affect the economy. This article also correlates wealth as being the only sector of people that are truly affected by stock prices plummeting. Article states that stock prices alter peopleââ¬â¢s expectations of future economic growth whether itââ¬â¢s their own or not. Playing devilââ¬â¢s advocate would be an economist that states 1 to 5 percent of families that stock prices decline are unlikely to affect spending. Maki and Palumbo have concluded by using data across different groups of households, the two new Federal Reserve studies have provided sufficient evidence that stock prices affect consumer spending through a ââ¬Å"wealth channel. Our overall opinion on this subject is that stock prices do affect the economy, however not by a substantial amount. The fact of the matter is that people still spend money, and the firms still move on and continue their business, and households are merely enthused. I would say just from personal experience working for a fortune 500 company that whenever the company I work for stocks go down by $5. 00 dollars, no one cares. Itââ¬â¢s only when it goes from $95. 00 to $34. 0 th at people start to panic and worry about the security of their job. Of course stock prices are not the only deterrent to a poor economy, many factors are involved and in play that negatively affect our economy. I gather from this article is that is what the author way trying to convey. Yes stock prices do have an influence over the economy, but other occurrences and situations affect it as well. It will be interesting to see as I monitor the stock market more closely how different markets adapt or change if anything at all.
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